![]() ![]() With PUR and PIR, the liquid foam is injected and cured under high pressure. With EPS and XPS foam, the assembly is pressure laminated together. The foam core is generally one of the following: expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), and polyurethane foam (PUR). Structural insulated panels are composed of an insulated foam core between two rigid board sheathing materials. Construction costs associated with SIPs are comparable to more conventional building methods when savings associated with labor costs, material waste, and energy efficiency are considered. SIPs provide a continuous air and vapor barrier as well as increased R-value when compared to traditional construction. Today, SIPs are prefabricated building components for use as walls, floors, roofs, and foundations. Dow created the first foam core SIPs which were being mass-produced by the 1960's. Frank Lloyd Wright used a form of structural insulated panels in the Usonian homes built in the 1930's and 1940's. These initial panels were used to build test homes that were disassembled and tested after thirty years to reveal that the panels retained their initial strength values. ![]() The Laboratory's prototype panels consisted of framing members, plywood and hardboard sheathing, and insulation. The Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin introduced the idea of what is now known as Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) in 1935. Photo Credit: Steven Schaefer Associates, Inc. Figure 1: Example of SIPs used as infill with a structural steel frame, Silvis School, Illinois.
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